Horticulture is a boon of nature which is refined by human skill as a science to obtain more and more benefits. It involves rigorous cropping expertise, including the improvement, production, distribution and use of vegetables, fruits, woody landscape and greenhouse plants. Horticulture is now one of the fastest growing industries with striking professional opportunities. Ironically however, these same urban-based consumers have become increasing verbal about various issues such as use of pesticides, labour conditions for farm workers, carbon taxes, buy-local campaigns, and the sustainability of production methods. These are often driven as “matters of ethics” and are in isolation from the reality of current production methods or of the opportunity to realistically meet these consumer demands.

The concept of sustainability of horticultural crops narrate both to the use of resources, such as water and nutrients, in a way which considers future needs, and the accountable use of objectionable compounds such as pesticides which will not compromise the quality of the environment. Availability of water is the most relevant issue that is facing horticultural production in almost all areas of the world. Hence, research is desirable to decide issues such as the development of drought tolerant crops, dealing with increased salinity, the management of crops under managed water deficits, use of low quality/ waste water and the use of more efficient application methods, viz. enclosed systems such as simple greenhouses. Integrated crop production systems have been revealed to be useful on a number of crops for reducing the pesticide applications and for shifting to new control compounds that have less perseverance in the environment and which are of lower overall toxicity. Integrated pest management programme for apples in New Zealand is one such example.

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